Pedagogical accents of Oleksandr Dovzhenko

Abstract

Background. The name of Oleksandr Dovzhenko is known all over the world. In Ukraine, his cinematic work, prose heritage and diary are better known. But the speeches, lectures and publications of Oleksandr Petrovych contain important considerations of the artist regarding upbringing and education, moral and ethical values and worldviews that shape the individual, influence social processes, determine the attitude towards the country and the people on the part of the citizens themselves and the international community. Despite significant bias, pathos and sloganeering due to objective reasons (pressure from the chauvinistic Soviet regime), the texts are saturated with appropriate emphases, relevant to this day, sincerity and love for people.

Methods. The article uses philological, biographical and intertextual methods of literary research.

Results. In the articles, speeches and lectures of Oleksandr Dovzhenko there is a clear humanistic leitmotif. The creator person acts as the heart of history, as he is able not only to reflect what he has seen, heard, felt, but also to foresee, motivate to create powerful beautiful and new things, providing specific examples for embodiment in artistic images; he becomes a teacher for contemporaries and future generations, because he must present examples of morality, behavior, attitude to nature and the environment, encourage development and improvement, regardless of place of residence, age, gender, profession, etc. After all, cinema and literature are the most mass cultural "figures" that unite different people with common feelings and thoughts.

Conclusions. Oleksandr Petrovych Dovzhenko is a tragic figure in the history of Ukraine. Forced and violent isolation-emigration led to a constant internal conflict, which only deepened due to surveillance, harassment, censorship, and denunciations from those closest to him. However, even under such circumstances, the artist remained true to himself as much as he could reveal himself, risking his work and life, because he understood his mission - to be a teacher who cares about humanity in Man, to be an exile who speaks the truth in the text and subtext, even for the chosen ones, and to be and remain a Ukrainian who represents Ukrainianness through his works in the world and above all loves and strives to return home - to Ukraine.